diff --git a/src/toolbar/draw.rs b/src/toolbar/draw.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3db1792
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/toolbar/draw.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
+//! Painting the toolbar, its menu and the countdown pill with tiny-skia.
+
+use tiny_skia::{FillRule, Paint, PathBuilder, Pixmap, Transform};
+
+use crate::editor::text;
+use crate::toolbar::layout::{Layout, MenuItem, Rect, Target};
+use crate::toolbar::state::ToolbarState;
+
+pub const LABEL: f32 = 13.0;
+const RADIUS: f32 = 12.0;
+const BACKGROUND: [u8; 4] = [0x1c, 0x1c, 0x1e, 230];
+const SELECTED: [u8; 4] = [255, 255, 255, 46];
+const HOVER: [u8; 4] = [255, 255, 255, 26];
+const SEPARATOR: [u8; 4] = [255, 255, 255, 60];
+const WHITE: [u8; 4] = [255, 255, 255, 255];
+
+/// A label's width in logical px.
+pub fn measure(label: &str) -> f32 {
+    text::layout(label, LABEL).width
+}
+
+fn paint(c: [u8; 4]) -> Paint<'static> {
+    let mut p = Paint::default();
+    p.set_color_rgba8(c[0], c[1], c[2], c[3]);
+    p.anti_alias = true;
+    p
+}
+
+fn rounded(pixmap: &mut Pixmap, r: Rect, radius: f32, color: [u8; 4], scale: f32) {
+    let (x, y, w, h, k) = (
+        r.x * scale,
+        r.y * scale,
+        r.w * scale,
+        r.h * scale,
+        radius * scale,
+    );
+    let mut pb = PathBuilder::new();
+    pb.move_to(x + k, y);
+    pb.line_to(x + w - k, y);
+    pb.quad_to(x + w, y, x + w, y + k);
+    pb.line_to(x + w, y + h - k);
+    pb.quad_to(x + w, y + h, x + w - k, y + h);
+    pb.line_to(x + k, y + h);
+    pb.quad_to(x, y + h, x, y + h - k);
+    pb.line_to(x, y + k);
+    pb.quad_to(x, y, x + k, y);
+    pb.close();
+    if let Some(path) = pb.finish() {
+        pixmap.fill_path(
+            &path,
+            &paint(color),
+            FillRule::Winding,
+            Transform::identity(),
+            None,
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+/// `label` centred vertically in `r`, starting `left` logical px in.
+fn label(pixmap: &mut Pixmap, r: Rect, left: f32, s: &str, scale: f32) {
+    let size = LABEL * scale;
+    let height = text::line_height(size);
+    let origin = (
+        (r.x + left) * scale,
+        (r.y + r.h / 2.0) * scale - height / 2.0,
+    );
+    if let Some(path) = text::path(s, size, origin) {
+        pixmap.fill_path(
+            &path,
+            &paint(WHITE),
+            FillRule::Winding,
+            Transform::identity(),
+            None,
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+/// The whole output: transparent but for the bar and, if open, the menu.
+pub fn bar(
+    layout: &Layout,
+    size: (u32, u32),
+    scale: f32,
+    state: &ToolbarState,
+    hover: Option<Target>,
+    menu_open: bool,
+) -> Pixmap {
+    let mut p = Pixmap::new(size.0.max(1), size.1.max(1)).expect("the output has a size");
+    rounded(&mut p, layout.bar, RADIUS, BACKGROUND, scale);
+    for (target, r, text) in &layout.buttons {
+        let fill =
+            if *target == Target::Mode(state.mode) || (*target == Target::Options && menu_open) {
+                Some(SELECTED)
+            } else if hover == Some(*target) {
+                Some(HOVER)
+            } else {
+                None
+            };
+        if let Some(fill) = fill {
+            rounded(&mut p, *r, 8.0, fill, scale);
+        }
+        label(&mut p, *r, crate::toolbar::layout::BUTTON_PAD, text, scale);
+    }
+    for s in &layout.separators {
+        rounded(&mut p, *s, 0.0, SEPARATOR, scale);
+    }
+    if menu_open {
+        rounded(&mut p, layout.menu, RADIUS, BACKGROUND, scale);
+        for (item, r, text) in &layout.rows {
+            if hover == Some(Target::Menu(*item)) {
+                rounded(&mut p, *r, 6.0, HOVER, scale);
+            }
+            let on = match item {
+                MenuItem::Timer(t) => state.timer == *t,
+                MenuItem::Cursor => state.cursor,
+                MenuItem::Preview => state.preview,
+            };
+            if on {
+                label(&mut p, *r, crate::toolbar::layout::BUTTON_PAD, "✓", scale);
+            }
+            label(
+                &mut p,
+                *r,
+                crate::toolbar::layout::BUTTON_PAD + crate::toolbar::layout::MARK_W,
+                text,
+                scale,
+            );
+        }
+    }
+    p
+}
+
+/// The countdown pill: a rounded background with `text` centred.
+pub fn pill(size: (u32, u32), scale: f32, s: &str) -> Pixmap {
+    let mut p = Pixmap::new(size.0.max(1), size.1.max(1)).expect("the pill has a size");
+    let r = Rect {
+        x: 0.0,
+        y: 0.0,
+        w: size.0 as f32 / scale,
+        h: size.1 as f32 / scale,
+    };
+    rounded(&mut p, r, RADIUS, BACKGROUND, scale);
+    let left = (r.w - measure(s)) / 2.0;
+    label(&mut p, r, left, s, scale);
+    p
+}
+
+/// Copies premultiplied RGBA into wl_shm ARGB8888 (bytes B, G, R, A).
+pub fn to_argb(pixmap: &Pixmap, out: &mut [u8]) {
+    for (dst, src) in out.as_chunks_mut::<4>().0.iter_mut().zip(pixmap.pixels()) {
+        *dst = [src.blue(), src.green(), src.red(), src.alpha()];
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use crate::toolbar::layout::layout;
+    use crate::toolbar::state::Mode;
+
+    const STATE: ToolbarState = ToolbarState {
+        mode: Mode::Region,
+        timer: 0,
+        cursor: false,
+        preview: true,
+    };
+
+    fn alpha(p: &Pixmap, x: f32, y: f32, scale: f32) -> u8 {
+        p.pixel((x * scale) as u32, (y * scale) as u32)
+            .unwrap()
+            .alpha()
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn the_bar_is_opaque_and_the_rest_transparent() {
+        let l = layout((800.0, 600.0), measure);
+        let p = bar(&l, (800, 600), 1.0, &STATE, None, false);
+        assert_eq!(alpha(&p, 5.0, 5.0, 1.0), 0);
+        assert!(alpha(&p, l.bar.x + l.bar.w / 2.0, l.bar.y + 3.0, 1.0) >= 230);
+        assert_eq!(
+            alpha(&p, l.menu.x + 5.0, l.menu.y + 5.0, 1.0),
+            0,
+            "menu closed"
+        );
+        let open = bar(&l, (800, 600), 1.0, &STATE, None, true);
+        assert!(alpha(&open, l.menu.x + l.menu.w / 2.0, l.menu.y + 3.0, 1.0) >= 230);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn the_selected_mode_is_lighter() {
+        let l = layout((800.0, 600.0), measure);
+        let p = bar(&l, (800, 600), 1.0, &STATE, None, false);
+        let lum = |r: crate::toolbar::layout::Rect| {
+            p.pixel((r.x + 3.0) as u32, (r.y + 3.0) as u32)
+                .unwrap()
+                .demultiply()
+                .red()
+        };
+        let region = l.buttons[2].1;
+        let screen = l.buttons[0].1;
+        assert!(lum(region) > lum(screen));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn scales() {
+        let l = layout((800.0, 600.0), measure);
+        let p = bar(&l, (1000, 750), 1.25, &STATE, None, false);
+        assert_eq!((p.width(), p.height()), (1000, 750));
+        assert!(alpha(&p, l.bar.x + l.bar.w / 2.0, l.bar.y + 3.0, 1.25) >= 230);
+        assert_eq!(alpha(&p, l.bar.x - 3.0, l.bar.y + 3.0, 1.25), 0);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn argb_swaps_red_and_blue() {
+        let mut p = Pixmap::new(1, 1).unwrap();
+        p.fill(tiny_skia::Color::from_rgba8(10, 20, 30, 255));
+        let mut out = [0u8; 4];
+        to_argb(&p, &mut out);
+        assert_eq!(out, [30, 20, 10, 255]);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn the_pill_shows_its_text() {
+        let p = pill((72, 40), 1.0, "5");
+        let lit = p
+            .pixels()
+            .iter()
+            .filter(|c| c.demultiply().red() > 200 && c.alpha() > 200)
+            .count();
+        assert!(lit > 10, "white digit pixels: {lit}");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn the_font_has_the_marks() {
+        use ab_glyph::Font;
+        for c in ['✓', '▾'] {
+            assert_ne!(text::FONT.glyph_id(c).0, 0, "{c}");
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/toolbar/mod.rs b/src/toolbar/mod.rs
index 88d9dfe..15e8c1d 100644
--- a/src/toolbar/mod.rs
+++ b/src/toolbar/mod.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 //! `valw toolbar`: a floating bar to pick a mode.
 
+pub mod draw;
 pub mod layout;
 pub mod state;